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KMID : 0606920090170040430
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Biomolecules & Therapeutics
2009 Volume.17 No. 4 p.430 ~ p.437
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Metabolism of Soyasaponin I by Human Intestinal Microflora and Its Estrogenic and Cytotoxic Effects
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Chang Seo-Young
Han Myung-Joo
Han Sang-Jun
Kim Dong-Hyun
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Abstract
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Metabolites of Soyasaponin I, a major constituent of soybean, by human intestinal microflora were investigated by LC-MS/MS analysis. We found four peaks, one parental constituent and three metabolites: m/z 941 [M-H]?, m/z 795 [M-rha-H]?, m/z 441 [aglycone-H2O＋H]＋, and m/z 633 [M-rha-gal-H]?, which was an unknown metabolite, soyasapogenol B 3-b-D-glucuronide. When soyasaponin I was incubated with the human fecal microbial fraction from ten individuals for 48 h, soyasaponin I was metabolized to soyasapogenol B via soyasaponin III and soyasapogenol B 3-b-D-glucuronide or via soyasaponin III alone. Both soyasaponin I and its metabolite soyasapgenol B exhibited estrogenic activity. Soyasaponin I increased the proliferation, mRNA expression of c-fos and pS2, in MCF7 cells more potently than soyasapogenol B. However, soyasapogenol B showed potent cytotoxicity against A549, MCF7, HeLa and HepG2 cells, while soyasaponin I did not. The cytotoxicity of soyasapogenol B may prevent its estrogenic effect from increasing dose-dependently. These findings suggest that orally administered soyasaponin I may be metabolized to soyasapogenol B by intestinal microflora and that soyasapogenol B may express a cytotoxic effect rather than an estrogenic effect.
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KEYWORD
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Soyasaponin I, Metabolism, Phytoestrogen, Cytotoxicity, Soyasapogenol B
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